Overview
MySQL NDB Cluster uses the MySQL server with the NDB storage engine. Support for the NDB storage engine is not included in the standard binaries of MySQL Server 8.0 created by Oracle. Instead, users of Oracle's NDB Cluster binaries must upgrade to the latest binary version of NDB Cluster for supported platforms; these include RPMs that should work with most Linux distributions.
Users of NDB Cluster 8.0 who compile from source must use the sources provided for MySQL 8.0 and compile with the required options to provide compatibility with NDB. (Locations where the sources can be obtained are listed later in this section).
It is important to remember that MySQL NDB Cluster is not compatible with InnoDB Cluster, which must be implemented using MySQL Server 8.0 with the InnoDB storage engine, as well as additional applications that are not included in the NDB Cluster distribution. The binaries of MySQL Server 8.0 cannot be used with MySQL NDB Cluster. For more information on the implementation and use of InnoDB Cluster, see MySQL AdminAPI. Section 23.2.6, “MySQL Server Using InnoDB vs. NDB Cluster,” discusses the differences between the NDB and InnoDB storage engines.
Compatibility
Supported Platforms:
NDB Cluster is currently available and supported on various platforms. For the exact levels of support available for specific combinations of operating system versions, operating system distributions, and hardware platforms, refer to https://www.mysql.com/support/supportedplatforms/cluster.html
Availability: The source and binary packages of NDB Cluster are available for supported platforms at https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/
NDB Cluster Version Numbers:
NDB 8.0 follows the same release pattern as the MySQL Server 8.0 release series, starting with MySQL 8.0.13 and MySQL NDB Cluster 8.0.13. In this Manual and other MySQL documentation, we identify these and later versions of NDB Cluster using a version number that begins with "NDB".
This version number is that of the NDBCLUSTER storage engine used in NDB version 8.0 and is the same as the version of MySQL server 8.0 on which the NDB Cluster version 8.0 is based.
Version Strings Used in NDB Cluster Software: The version string displayed by the mysql client supplied with the MySQL NDB Cluster distribution uses this format:
mysql-mysql_server_version-cluster
What Programs Does MySQL NDB Cluster Use?
There are many different programs in a MySQL installation. This section provides a brief description of them. Subsequent sections provide a more detailed description of each, except for NDB Cluster programs. The description of each program indicates its invocation syntax and the options it supports. Section 23.5, “NDB Cluster Programs,” describes the programs specific to the NDB Cluster.
Each MySQL program has many different options. Most programs provide a help option that you can use to get a description of the different options for the program. For example, try mysql --help.
The MySQL server, mysqld , is the main program that does most of the work in a MySQL installation. The server is accompanied by several related scripts that help you start and stop the server:
The SQL daemon (i.e., the MySQL server). To use client programs, mysqld must be running, as clients access databases by connecting to the server. See Section 4.3.1, “mysqld: The MySQL Server.” .
A server startup script. mysqld_safe attempts to start mysqld . See Section 4.3.2, “mysqld_safe: MySQL Server Startup Script.” .
A server startup script. This script is used on systems that use System V style run directories that contain scripts to start system services for specific run levels. It invokes mysqld_safe to start the MySQL server. See Section 4.3.3, “mysql.server: MySQL Server Startup Script.”.
A server startup script that can start or stop multiple servers installed on the system. See Section 4.3.4, “mysqld_multi — Manage Multiple MySQL Servers.”.
Several programs perform configuration operations during the installation or upgrade of MySQL:
This program is used during the MySQL compilation/installation process. It compiles error message files from the error source files. See Section 4.4.1, “comp_err: Compile the MySQL Error Message File.”.
This program helps you improve the security of your MySQL installation. See Section 4.4.2, “mysql_secure_installation: Improve the Security of Your MySQL Installation.”.
This program creates the SSL certificate and key files and the RSA key pair files needed to support secure connections if those files are missing. The files created by mysql_ssl_rsa_setup can be used for secure connections via SSL or RSA. See Section 4.4.3, “mysql_ssl_rsa_setup — Create SSL/RSA Files.”.
Este programa carga las tablas de zonas horarias en la base de datos utilizando el contenido de la base de datos zoneinfomysql del sistema host (el conjunto de archivos que describen las zonas horarias). Consulte la Sección 4.4.4, “mysql_tzinfo_to_sql: cargar las tablas de zonas horarias” .
Before MySQL 8.0.16, this program was used after a MySQL upgrade operation. It updates the grant tables with any changes that have been made in the latest versions of MySQL and checks the tables for incompatibilities and repairs them if necessary. See Section 4.4.5, “mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables.” .
Starting with MySQL 8.0.16, the MySQL server performs the upgrade tasks that mysql_upgrade previously handled (for details, see Section 2.11.3, “What the MySQL Upgrade Process Updates”).
MySQL Client Programs that Connect to the MySQL Server:
The command-line tool for entering SQL statements interactively or executing them from a file in batch mode. See Section 4.5.1, "mysql: the MySQL command-line client" .
A client that performs administrative operations, such as creating or dropping databases, reloading grant tables, flushing tables to disk, and reopening log files. mysqladmin can also be used to retrieve version, process, and server status information. See Section 4.5.2, "mysqladmin: a MySQL server administration program." .
A table maintenance client that checks, repairs, analyzes, and optimizes tables. See la Sección 4.5.3, “mysqlcheck: un programa de mantenimiento de tablas” .
A client that dumps a MySQL database to a file as SQL, text, or XML. See Section 4.5.3, "mysqlcheck: a table maintenance program." .
A client that imports text files into their respective tables using LOAD DATA. See Section 4.5.5, "mysqlimport: a data import program" .
A client that dumps a MySQL database to a file as SQL. See Section 4.5.6, "mysqlpump: a database backup program." .
- mysqlsh
MySQL Shell is an advanced client and code editor for MySQL Server. See MySQL Shell 8.0 In addition to the SQL functionality provided, similar to mysql MySQL Shell offers scripting capabilities for JavaScript and Python and includes APIs for working with MySQL. The X DevAPI allows you to work with both relational and document data; see Capítulo 20, Chapter 20, Using MySQL as a Document Store . AdminAPI allows you to work with InnoDB Cluster; see MySQL AdminAPI.
A client that displays information about databases, tables, columns, and indexes. See Section 4.5.7, "mysqlshow — Show database, table, and column information".
A client designed to emulate client load on a MySQL server and report the time for each stage. It works as if multiple clients were accessing the server. See Section 4.5.8, "mysqlslap: a load emulation client".
MySQL Administrative and Utility Programs:
An InnoDB utility for offline file checksums. See Section 4.6.2, "innochecksum — InnoDB Offline File Checksum Utility" .
A utility that shows information about full-text indexes in MyISAM tables. See Section 4.6.3, "myisam_ftdump — Show full-text index information" .
A utility to describe, check, optimize, and repair MyISAM tables. See Section 4.6.4, "myisamchk — MyISAM Table Maintenance Utility." .
A utility that processes the contents of a MyISAM log file. See Section 4.6.5, "myisamlog: show the contents of the MyISAM log file" .
A utility that compresses MyISAM tables to produce smaller read-only tables. See Section 4.6.6, "myisampack — Generate compressed read-only MyISAM tables" .
A utility that allows you to store authentication credentials in an encrypted and secure login path file called .mylogin.cnf. See Section 4.6.7, "mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility." .
A utility for migrating keys between one keyring component and another. See Section 4.6.8, "mysql_migrate_keyring — Keyring migration utility" .
A utility for reading statements from a binary log. The log of executed statements contained in binary log files can be used to help recover from a crash. See Section 4.6.9, "mysqlbinlog — Utility for processing binary log files." .
A utility for reading and summarizing the contents of a slow query log. See Section 4.6.10, "mysqldumpslow: summarize slow query log files".
MySQL Program Development Utilities:
A shell script that produces the necessary option values when compiling MySQL programs. See Section 4.7.1, "mysql_config: options display for compiling clients." .
A utility that displays which options are present in option file option groups. See Section 4.7.2, "my_print_defaults — Show options from option files.".
Miscellaneous Utilities:
A utility that decompresses output from mysqlpump that was created using LZ4 compression. See Section 4.8.1, "lz4_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump LZ4 compressed output" .
A utility that displays the meaning of system or MySQL error codes. See Section 4.8.2, "perror — Show information about MySQL error messages." .
A utility that decompresses output from mysqlpump that was created using ZLIB compression. See Section 4.8.3, "zlib_decompress — Decompress the ZLIB compressed output from mysqlpump.".
Oracle Corporation also provides the MySQL Workbench GUI tool, which is used for managing MySQL servers and databases, creating, executing, and evaluating queries, and migrating schemas and data from other relational database management systems for use with MySQL.
MySQL client programs that communicate with the server using the MySQL client/server library use the following environment variables.
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